The Project Gutenberg EBook of The American Missionary, Volume XLII. No.
7. July 1888, by Various

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

Title: The American Missionary, Volume XLII. No. 7. July 1888

Author: Various

Release Date: October 31, 2004 [EBook #13907]

Language: English

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***

Produced by Cornell University, Joshua Hutchinson, Andrea Ball and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.

[pg 193]

The American Missionary

July, 1888.

Volume XLII. No. 7.

Contents

EDITORIAL.
President of the Association.—Paragraphs
Indian Problem.—an Outrage
Wade Hampton
Mr. Cable's Pamphlet
Mrs. Ware
Three Commencements

THE SOUTH.
Notes in the Saddle, By District Secretary Ryder
Gregory Institute, Wilmington, N.C.
A Day at Tougaloo
Which will be the Under Dog in the Fight
Valued Appreciation

THE CHINESE.
School Life In China

BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK.
Woman's Temperance Work in the South

OUR YOUNG FOLKS.
Children's Day at Talladega

RECEIPTS.

NEW YORK:

PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION,

Rooms, 56 Reade Street.

Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance.

Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter.

[pg 194 ]

The American Missionary

American Missionary Association

President, Rev. Wm. M. Taylor, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.

Vice-Presidents.

Rev. A.J.F. Behrends, D.D., N.Y.
Rev. Alex. McKenzie, D.D., Mass.
Rev. F.A. Noble, D.D., Ill.
Rev. D.O. Mears, D.D., Mass.
Rev. Henry Hopkins, D.D., Mo.

Corresponding Secretaries.

Rev. M.E. Strieby, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
Rev. A.F. Beard, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.

Treasurer.

H.W. Hubbard, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.

Auditors.

Peter McCartee.
Chas. P. Peirce.

Executive Committee.

John H. Washburn, Chairman.
Addison P. Foster, Secretary.

For Three Years.

Lyman Abbott,
Charles A. Hull,
J.R. Danforth,
Clinton B. Fisk,
Addison P. Foster,

For Two Years.

S.B. Halliday, Samuel Holmes,
Samuel S. Marples,
Charles L. Mead,
Elbert B. Monroe,

For One Year.

J.E. Rankin, Wm. H. Ward,
J.W. Cooper,
John H. Washburn,
Edmund L. Champlin.

District Secretaries.

Rev. C.J. Ryder, 21 Cong'l House, Boston.
Rev. J.E. Roy, D.D., 151 Washington Street, Chicago.

Financial Secretary for Indian Missions.

Rev. Chas. W. Shelton.

Secretary of Woman's Bureau.

Miss D.E. Emerson, 56 Reade St., N.Y.

COMMUNICATIONS

Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to the Editor, at the New York Office.

DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS

In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational House, Boston, Mass., or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member.

FORM OF A BEQUEST.

"I BEQUEATH to my executor (or executors) the sum of —— dollars, in trust, to pay the same in —— days after my decease to the person who, when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the 'American Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, under the direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by three witnesses.

[pg 195]

The American Missionary.

VOL. XLII.
JULY 1888.
No. 7.

American Missionary Association

It gives us great pleasure to announce that, at a recent meeting of our Executive Committee, Rev. Wm. M. Taylor, D.D., Pastor of the Broadway Tabernacle, New York, was elected President of the American Missionary Association.

The death of our late honored President, ex-Governor Washburn, occurred so short a time before our last Annual Meeting, that no attempt was there made to elect his successor, but the matter was referred according to the Constitution, to the Executive Committee. After mature deliberation and with great unanimity, Dr. Taylor was elected. A brief extract from his letter accepting the position will indicate his sympathy with our work, and his heartiness in co-operating with us in this new relation.

"Your Association, alike by its history in the past and its work in the present, has a strong hold on my heart. It is doing a work much needed; one, too, which is intimately connected with the welfare of the nation, as well as with the future of the races among whom it specially labors. It has always been a joy to me to plead for it with my people from my pulpit, and I regard your selection of me as your President, as one of the highest honors of my life."

We are glad to be able to mention, also, the election of Mr. Charles A. Hull as a member of our Executive Committee, in place of the honored and respected A.S. Barnes, deceased. Mr. Hull was formerly a member of the committee, but was compelled to retire on account of pressure of business. He now returns to his place cheerfully and to our great satisfaction.

Who reads Missionary Magazines?—We are glad to know that THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY has appreciative readers with quick eyes. From the last numbers we have noticed extracts and quotations in the New York Observer, the Religious Herald, the Advance, the New York Tribune, and the New York Times. We are more than willing.

[pg 196 ]

THE INDIAN PROBLEM.

A good deal of ingenious ciphering has been done in endeavoring to solve this problem, and, withal, there has been a good deal of honest and efficient work. The Government has largely increased its appropriations from year to year, the Dawes Bill and other valuable legislation have been secured, so that steps looking towards the citizenship of the Indian have been attained. Appropriations have been granted to aid him in farming and other industrial pursuits, and it is not unlikely that in a short time provision will be made for the education in the common English branches of every Indian child.

But all this is not sufficient. The Indian may have lands and citizenship and an English education, and yet, if he has no strong impulse towards civilization, no motive in his heart impelling him to be an industrious, self-supporting citizen—in short, if he has not a new heart looking to a new life as a citizen and a man, he will become a vagabond on the land granted him, and a skeptic in the school in which he is taught. The next few years will constitute a crisis in the rapidly changing condition of the Indian, and it is precisely at this point where the vital element of the Christian life must be infused into his character. To the Christian public, all other questions subordinate themselves to this, and this needs, not speculation, but hard work; legislation cannot do it, the church must; time will not do it, Christian teaching and example alone can. The vernacular question, so much agitated recently, is important only as it may hinder this practical work.

The Indian problem is not perpetual. The Indian must soon be merged into the American, and whether this shall be for good or for ill, the church must decide, and decide speedily. We trust, therefore, that our constituents will aid us to extend, as rapidly as possible, that part of the work entrusted to us. We do not ask for expensive buildings or costly plant. We ask for the means to push forward with the teacher and the preacher among these uncivilized people till, when they come forth from their present anomalous condition, they shall come forth practical Christians, as well as intelligent and industrious citizens.

AN OUTRAGE.

Prof. G.W. Lawrence, teacher of our school at Jellico, Tenn., a gentleman of quiet and unobtrusive manners, was brutally assaulted by a man of that place, and was shot in three places; one ball entered the wrist and followed up the arm, coming out near the shoulder, a second went into the back of the shoulder, and a third is probably lodged in the lungs. The assault occurred May 18th, in the church in which Mr. Lawrence was holding the school, in the presence of his wife and scholars. The only provocation [pg 197]alleged, was that he had gone the night before to ask for the tuition of one of his scholars. He was met in an angry way by the woman, and the next day the husband, who does not live with his wife, came to the school and fired the shots. Prof. Lawrence is the brother-in-law of our highly esteemed and active Christian worker, Rev. A.A. Myers, who has not only done so much in promoting school and church work in Kentucky and Tennessee, but who has also been so zealous in promoting the cause of temperance. Prof. Lawrence sympathized and co-operated with Mr. Myers in this good work, and it is believed that liquor and liquor influence had much to do in inspiring the deed. As all the parties in this transaction were white, it is not at all probable that the color-line question had anything to do with it.

The community was moved with intense indignation, and the assassin was speedily taken to the county jail to escape a lynching. A large meeting was subsequently held in the Baptist Church, and a committee was appointed to prosecute the perpetrator. Mr. Lawrence at this writing is in a very critical condition, but hopes are entertained of his ultimate recovery.

WADE HAMPTON.

We opened the June number of the Forum with the confident expectation that the article on "What Negro Supremacy Means," by Senator Wade Hampton, would furnish some well-considered and statesmanlike views on that important topic. We expected to find a fair, if not an encouraging, statement of the changes that twenty years have wrought in the educational and property qualifications of the Negro. But we confess our utter disappointment, in finding that Senator Wade devotes his entire article to details of the Acts of the South Carolina Legislature, from 1868 to 1876, in other words, to the reconstruction or carpet-bag period. He adds, it is true, a quotation from an address of Abraham Lincoln, but that dates back into the still remoter past, 1859. Mr. Lincoln learned something better before he died.

We make no defence of that carpet-bag Legislature, but does not Senator Wade recognize the change that has taken place in the condition of the Negro—a change that is going on at an increased ratio? Would an article be worth much on "What Anglo-Saxon Supremacy Means," based on extracts from Roman histories in regard to the ancient Germans? True, the comparison is an extreme one, but it must be remembered that more progress is now made in human civilization in one year, than in a century then. But let us confine ourselves to the facts as they now stand. The present generation of Negroes in the South has had the aid of the public schools, limited and inadequate as they are, and it has had the still more valuable aid of schools sustained by Northern benevolence, supplemented in some cases [pg 198] by aid from the Southern States, that have furnished instruction of the best quality in all ranges of study, from primary to college and professional. From Hampton, Va., to Austin, Texas, these schools, supported by various religious denominations, with carefully selected and thoroughly competent teachers from the North, have been sending forth their graduates as teachers, preachers, professional and business men. These schools of all grades number more than two hundred, and a large per cent. of their graduates become teachers who are giving a mighty uplift to their people. A colored editor could say truthfully two years ago, "We have preachers learned and eloquent; we have professors in colleges by hundreds, and school-masters by thousands; successful farmers, merchants, ministers, lawyers, editors, educators and physicians." To all this it may be added that careful estimates place the amount of property on which the Negroes in the Southern States pay taxes, at one hundred millions of dollars. Surely this race could now furnish legislators more intelligent and more interested in the assessment of taxes than in 1868, and the number and quality will be rapidly increased every year. Senator Hampton might have looked around and ahead, and not backward only! His article, as it stands, stamps him as a veritable Bourbon; "he has forgotten nothing and he has learned nothing."

MR. CABLE'S PAMPHLET.

A COLORED MAN'S VIEW OF IT.

Mr. Cable's Pamphlet, "The Negro Question," was sent to an educated Christian colored man in the South. We make some brief extracts from his letter acknowledging the receipt of the pamphlet. He says:

I have read "The Negro Question," by Geo. W. Cable, and appreciate it highly. It is the ablest treatment of the subject intellectually, morally and judicially that I ever saw. Mr. Cable has dealt with that great question with the insight of a statesman and a thinker, and the candor of a true Christian. Oh, how I am vexed and do smart when I think of the wicked treatment I and my people are subjected to on account of the God-given color, and by a people claiming and professing to be Christians! I can hardly believe that any other people ever bore the names freemen and citizens, and at the same time were shut out from so many of their rights and liberties as we are. Our manhood is outraged, our civil and political rights are abused, our women are robbed of their womanhood and their chastity is insulted, our aspirations are banded and proscription is held up to our eyes wherever we go, and enforced against us with Egyptian exactness and Spartan severity, and the most vexatious and grievous fact of all is, that the strong arm of the law of the land loses its power when it comes our turn to receive justice. The law either plays truant, or openly acknowledges that it has no power to defend us. But the God of law and [pg 199] justice, who broke down one form of slavery, will break down this, too. Still, there is a part for us to do. On this line, as on others, the man who needs help must help himself while he asks for help.

MRS. WARE.

We honor the memory of the early and self-denying workers among the Freedmen. They were ostracised at the South, and were scarcely appreciated at the North. Many of them have laid down their lives in the service, others were compelled to return home on account of ill-health, but others still are toiling on, seeing the fruits of their labors in the new impulse given to the Negro in his great race struggle. Among the earliest and most efficient of these workers was President Ware, of Atlanta, now gone to his reward. Mrs. Ware is still at the post of duty, and, though in feeble health, clings with undiminished interest to her chosen life-work.

At the recent anniversary of the Atlanta University, the meeting of the Alumni, (May 28th), was made pleasant and memorable by the presentation to Mrs. Ware of a large portrait of herself. It was wholly unexpected to her, and her impromptu acknowledgment of the gift was made in the vein of her characteristic vivacity and kindness. Among the addresses made at the presentation, was one by Mrs. Chase, herself one of our earliest and most honored laborers. From this address we are permitted to make a few extracts.

It is very significant that at any time during these twenty years of your life here, it would have been just as delightful to meet and say the pleasant words that leap to our lips, as it is to say them to-day. You, whom we delight to honor this afternoon, have held the same post of honor all these years, but many of us do not know how delightfully you hold that place, so I, who have known you so long, am asked to explain, and if this hasty sketch seems too flattering to be given in your presence, I fear you alone are responsible. If you had put less into your life for us to admire, we could put less into our expression of admiration.

We know how you lost early a good mother, and that your father was taken when you were only eighteen; but the missionary spirit of that father was repeated in the daughter. We know of your being discouraged by a missionary Board because applying so young, but of your being finally accepted, and going to Hampton, reaching that now famous school even before the veteran—General Armstrong.

Then came the year of teaching at Charleston, a year so full of privations in those pioneer days, that though repeated calls came to you from Florida and Georgia, as well as the old fields, you shrank from farther hardships and decided to remain at home, till one Sunday morning in Connecticut, twenty years ago, these words were unfolded in a sermon, "Simon, Son of Jonas, lovest thou me? Yea, Lord, thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my Lambs." How easy it is for us now to see the beautiful Providence of those wonderful words finding a swift response in your heart and bringing you at once to Atlanta. There are those before me now that greeted you then in Storrs School. How [pg 200 ] much we might say of that eventful year when you worked beyond your strength to fit the "A" class for Atlanta University. We can hardly see how it could have been otherwise than that the next year you should come to us, the bride of our beloved President. But position brought no exemption from hard work to either of you royal workers.

We shall never forget what hosts of friends have been won for the school by your ready pen and stirring words. And during those sixteen memorable foundation years of our school, which are so rapidly passing into history, who can ever know how much of their grand success was due to you for your devotion to him who created Atlanta University, and made it what it is? We may know in that "day when He makes up his jewels."

THREE COMMENCEMENTS.

BY A VISITOR.

It has been my privilege to attend in succession the anniversary exercises at Hampton, Va., Atlanta, Ga., and Howard University, Washington, D.C. Hampton, as usual, welcomed a crowd of visitors, and among these a number of distinguished men—Governor Lee of Virginia, and Senator Dawes, being those most widely known. The visitor sees here the magical touch of genius in these large and commodious buildings, the schools, the shops, the houses, the cottages, and, crowning all, the stately chapel. The plat of the village in which these are congregated realizes the words,

"A mighty maze and not without a plan."

The effect of the whole, threaded by winding roads, shaded by trees, and interspersed with gardens and shrubs, is picturesque and practically convenient. The main value of Hampton, however, is found in what is done within these buildings—the teaching, the industries, the making of character.

The graduating exercises were the great attraction. The addresses and papers of the pupils did not, perhaps, as a whole, quite come up to what we have heard in other years, but all were good and some of them of great excellence. One is always impressed at Hampton with the tone and local coloring of the addresses. They are tinged and touched by the work done here, and the races for and by whom it is done. The titles of some of the pieces show this: "What is expected of a Hampton Graduate." "Hampton Girls." "Mission Work in Tennessee." "Way down in Georgia." "Progress of the Oneidas." Of the same sort was the closing tableau, "The Great Father and his Children," a representation by Indian students, with the implements or products of the industries they have learned, applying to the Great Father for admission to his country. The exercises were closed by eloquent addresses, given by Rev. Dr. Parkhurst, of New York, one of the Trustees, Governor Lee, of Virginia, and Senator Dawes.

[pg 201]

Atlanta University now welcomes its visitors to its beautiful green lawns and fields, which were once red clay washed into deep gullies. The buildings are convenient and well-kept. The Baccalaureate sermon, delivered by Professor Francis, was very appropriate and touching. The commencement exercises were held on Monday, May 28th, and were attended by a vast concourse of people, many going away because the building, though large, could not give them room. The aisles were crowded through all the services. The audiences were, as usual, made up mostly of colored people. Heretofore, at times, the dignitaries of the State and city have graced the platform, but Governor Gordon was out of town, and, perhaps, if he had been at home, he would not have attended. The recent excitement about the Glenn Bill, and the withdrawal of the $8,000, the annual grant of the State, have left the relations somewhat strained. There is, however, no excitement on that subject. The State authorities have not yet decided what to do with the fund, and in the meantime, the University goes quietly forward with its work. Prof. Bumstead has just succeeded in raising the $16,000 necessary to meet the current expenses of the year.

At the anniversary exercises there were no graduates from the college department this year. Thirteen pupils, all girls, from the normal department, read their essays and received their certificates of graduation. The number of the class is supposed to be unfortunate, but there was nothing amiss in the quality of the essays they read. They were all good, but the absence of any male voice left the class somewhat in the condition of a choir without a baas. There was a noticeable difference in one respect between the essays on this occasion and those at Hampton. Here there was no local or race tone. If I had closed my eyes, I might have thought myself at the anniversary of a Ladies' Seminary at the North. Scarcely a word or allusion indicated that these girls belonged to the colored race, and for that matter their faces scarcely showed it, for the white blood largely preponderated in most of them. I can well understand why these pupils should prefer to stand forth not as a distinct race, but as American and Christian girls. Perhaps that is the higher wisdom, but it makes the anniversary less distinctive, and inspires less sympathy and enthusiasm. These girls were plainly dressed, and in that respect would differ greatly from the graduating class in a Northern Female Seminary, but they would have no occasion to shrink from a comparison with their Northern sisters, if propriety of deportment, and excellence and force of writing were considered.

At the Howard University, we had the opportunity of attending only the exercises of the graduating class in college. This institution has a good claim to its title as a University, for it has collegiate, medical, theological, law and normal departments. The anniversaries of the theological and medical departments had been held a few days previously in [pg 202] churches down in the city, and were attended, as we understand, by large audiences. The college anniversary, on the other hand, was held in the college chapel, which, while it was well filled, contained a relatively small audience, and this was made up mostly of colored people. We hardly appreciate this discrimination as to the places of holding these anniversaries, for the orations in the chapel were of a high order, and might well have attracted the attention of members of Congress and of the numerous visitors in the crowded city. The graduating class consisted of six persons, one being a lady and she the only one of the class without apparent admixture of white blood. The addresses were all orations, and resembled somewhat the essays in the Atlanta school in presenting almost no touch or tone of race or local surroundings, the lady's being almost the only exception. I could not avoid the conviction, that if these well-trained minds had thrown themselves into topics more nearly related to their own life and race struggle, there would have been more fervor in the oratory. But some of these graduates will yet be heard from as useful laborers in some fields of active Christian work.

THE SOUTH.

NOTES IN THE SADDLE.

BY REV. C.J. RYDER, DISTRICT SECRETARY.

I promised, in my February "Notes in the Saddle," to give a brief account of the mountain campaign which had then just closed. It was full of most interesting experiences. We began the series of meetings in the Congregational Church, Jellico, Tenn. The Association was represented by one of its Corresponding Secretaries, a District Secretary, and the writer. Beside these brethren from abroad, the local force of A.M.A. workers was large, and several neighboring churches of our Congregational faith sent their pastors.

At Jellico, the A.M.A. has planted both a church and a school, and built a meeting house. The interesting series of meetings, which began at Jellico, was for the purpose of dedicating the neat Congregational churches recently built by the Association along this line of railroad. Preaching services were held every afternoon and evening, the company of ministers taking turns, as they pushed on from one church to another. These churches are at Jellico, Pleasant View, South Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Woodbine, Rockhold and Corbin. Congregationalism, through the A.M.A., has taken possession of this whole region in the name of Christ. We can easily hold it in the interests of broad and evangelical Christianity, if our older Congregational churches in the East and North arouse themselves to meet the pressing exigencies, and realize the splendid [pg 203] possibilities that lie before them in this field to-day, but which will be denied them in the near future.

One very interesting feature of these meetings was the dedication of a chapel which has been recently added to the Williamsburg church, and which is used for the infant class of the Sunday-school. This class had outgrown all the accommodations of the church, in connection with the other departments of the Sunday-school. It had become a Sunday-school of itself. This chapel was, therefore, built and publicly set aside for the service of these little folks.

During these meetings, our honored Corresponding Secretary and District Secretary pushed through the storms and forded mountain streams together with the other brethren, that they might keep the appointments which had been made for them. Dr. Roy's stereopticon views, which have interested and instructed so many audiences in the North, he used with great profit during this mountain campaign.

Two men called upon Brother Myers, our general missionary in this mountain region, and requested that he and the writer visit the field, some fourteen miles away, from which they had come that morning. They told a thrillingly interesting story of how God's Spirit had entered their hearts, and stirred them up to desire better things for their children and their community than they had enjoyed. One of them was a son of a French Catholic mother, and had early adopted her faith. His life had been wild and reckless, until he found the Saviour in a meeting led by an A.M.A. missionary. He was an intelligent man of some education. He found others ready to join him in a movement for the elevation of the people. They established a church and organized a Sunday-school. We pushed over the mountain on horseback, after the other visiting brethren had left the mountain region, to inspect personally this field. We found it even as the men had represented it to be. A little church had been organized and Sunday-school gathered. I could learn of no other Sunday-school in that region. I heard afterwards, that one of the old-time preachers warned the people against the Sunday-school, saying, "It war a heap worse than a dancing place." This same preacher had a vision, and gave an account of it to his people. "Two devils," he said, "had been in that country getting up some sort of an institution that they called a church." He warned his people against them.

The two men who visited us at Jellico, together with others who had joined with them in this effort to Christianize and educate this community, we found busy on a hillside, laying the foundations of the new "church house." They were enthusiastic in this new movement, which promised so much to their community. They had drawn up a confession of faith and covenant, which were evangelical and Congregational. They reported [pg 204 ] three thousand people living in the coves and valleys radiating from the point upon which they had planted their "church house," absolutely without intelligent Christian instruction of any kind. There were hundreds of square miles without a church building of any denomination. This little company had been stirred up by God's Spirit, and were almost starving for spiritual food. There was a pathos even in their peculiar mountain vernacular, as one of them said to me, "I don't understand scarcely a word you uns say. I'm too old to larn now. I'se done left. But I does want my chilluns to know somethin'. I tell you, I'd sell my old farm down in the cove so's to help my chilluns to know somethin'." What a tremendous appeal this is from the very heart of our country! All they asked was one hundred dollars, to help them build this Congregational "church house" by the side of Hickory Creek.

While writing these "Notes," there comes flashing over the wires, the news of this horrible crime committed upon the person of Prof. G.W. Lawrence, at Jellico. I remember a conversation I had with Mr. Lawrence during this campaign of which I have been writing. He had just been offered an important and lucrative position as teacher in the North. He was a young man of only limited means, and felt almost that he must go. I told him we could not offer him financial inducements to remain, but it seemed to me that the Lord had called him to that work, and I did not know where we could find a man to fill his place. "Very well," he replied, "I will remain." The Christian hero that he was, he went patiently forward in this self-sacrificing labor. Now, he has fallen by the hand of a brutal assassin! This awful crime emphasizes the importance of this work, and calls aloud to us to send more Christian missionaries into this field, until Christian light shall displace the darkness of semi-barbarism.

Turning a moment from the field in which our missions are planted, to that from which they are supported, I give three interesting incidents. In a New England church two young girls came forward after hearing the story of the A.M.A. work in the dark places of our country, and pledged fourteen dollars, which they had themselves gathered by the sale of articles which they had made. A good example.

Another little girl, not ten years old, had one dollar which she had been saving for sometime. It was her total bank credit. When she heard of our pressing needs, she slipped her dollar into my hand, asking that it be spent for the poor children in our field.

A woman, for years an A.M.A. teacher, but now a bed-ridden invalid, pledges $100 to the work of the Association. What can we not do when there is so much of Christian self-sacrifice in both departments of our field?

[pg 205]

ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES AT GREGORY INSTITUTE.

WILMINGTON, N.C.

Our anniversary really began May 18, for on the evening of that date were held the public exercises of the "Gregory Band of Hope." There are at least 160 members of this Band and they hold fortnightly meetings.

One of the principal lessons which has to be impressed upon these children, is the sacredness of the pledge. We feel sure that much has been gained in this direction the past year. There were those who would come forward and manfully confess when they had violated any condition of the pledge. But the good done to the children is not the only benefit. Through these children, the parents become interested in temperance. One little boy said, "Since I joined the Band of Hope I got my papa and mamma to join the pledge too." Many families were represented by either father or mother, and in many cases by both. This topic is destined very soon to be of paramount importance in the training of the colored people.

The week beginning May 21 was given up to examinations. The pupils have in the main done well. Many of them in advancement and aptness will compare well with white children. By reason of a re-arrangement in the course of study, there was no graduating class this year. However, on the evening of May 25, we had an exhibition given by the scholars. The stage at the back was prettily draped with the national colors, and flowers were scattered in profusion everywhere. At the appointed hour the room was filled with the parents of the pupils and other friends of the schools. The programme was a miscellaneous one, made up of tableaux, songs, dialogues and recitations. Some of these reflected great credit upon the pupils and their teachers. I say some of them, because some parts were rendered so excellently as to astonish one who did not expect anything very good from negro scholars. One beautiful scene was, "Winding the May Pole," by twelve little girls dressed in white. Another striking piece was, "What Alcohol has done for the Nations." Different persons in appropriate costume represented the various nations of Europe and one represented Africa, each in a short speech stating what havoc alcohol had made. One young lad caused a good deal of merriment in declaiming "Theology at the Quarters," in which he drew a picture of the candidate for heaven being subjected to a close examination before he could be admitted through the "Alaplaster gate." "The questions," said the declaimer, "you must answer mighty straight. And de watermillion question gwine to cause a heap o' trouble." When one of these colored people declaims in the Negro dialect, it is a treat. There is nothing artificial about it.

The year has been a prosperous one. The school-rooms have been crowded to their utmost capacity. 312 different pupils have attended during some part of the year, and average daily attendance has been 230. [pg 206] Excellent progress has been made. Another teacher is needed. More and more are the colored people awakening to their real need—deliverance from the bonds of ignorance. You older people in the North gave your sons to free the slave from human task-masters. We who have arisen since the war look upon that as the noblest sacrifice which the history of our country presents. But there still remains the great problem of freeing the black man from the slavery of ignorance, superstition and sin. The work increases upon our hands. The South is struggling to rise. It has this problem of illiteracy to settle. We who have grown since the war could not carry a musket in '62, but we are willing to carry the Speller and the Bible now, and we do not consider this work one whit less honorable or necessary than the art of war. Do you?

Wilmington is a city with a population of 25,000. It is estimated that 14,000 of this is colored. Business is increasing fast and population is gaining proportionately. How what is the import of all this? Large numbers of colored people will be attracted here. It will be an objective point for educational work among them. If we already have 300 pupils, the opportunity will then be enlarged many fold. But even now we need more help. Cannot the friends at home enter upon a course of self-denial to extend us a little aid?

G.S.R.

A DAY AT TOUGALOO.

Special Correspondence of the St. Louis Globe-Democrat.

Jackson, Miss., May 26.—While the white Mississippians were laying the corner stone of a Confederate monument at Jackson, the black Mississippians were holding the closing exercises of their university at Tougaloo, only seven miles away.

TOUGALOO TO-DAY.

For a wonder the war spared Tougaloo. Less pretentious houses within sight of it were fired and destroyed by roving squads. But the mansion, in the midst of a grand grove of oaks, stood intact. When the war was over, the American Missionary Association acquired 500 acres of the estate, including the mansion.

At the beginning the building afforded accommodations for both teachers and students. But at present the mansion is used for the offices of the institution and for class rooms. Tougaloo has developed into one of the largest institutions for colored youth in the South. The mansion, which was the nucleus, is now only one of half a dozen large structures. To the north of it is Strieby Hall, a long three-story brick structure. The clay was dug, the brick made, and the walls laid, chiefly by student labor. To the south is another three-story dormitory. Another notable [pg 207 ] structure in the group is the Ballard School Building, every nail in which was driven by the students. About these larger buildings are grouped the Ballard Industrial shops and cottages.

Three hundred and twenty-six students were enrolled at Tougaloo the past year. The steady growth in the attendance more than keeps pace with the increase in accommodations. They come from all parts of Mississippi, Yazoo County of terrible memories furnishing a representation notable for its numbers. Arkansas, Louisiana and Tennessee are represented.

A MISSISSIPPI MYSTERY.

Nowhere in the South is the negro so totally a nonentity in politics as in Mississippi, and yet nowhere in the South is there a colored institution so heartily commended as is Tougaloo University by the white Mississippians. This seems odd, hardly credible. Tougaloo is not a State institution. Mississippi has a system of instruction including a normal school and other departments for colored youth. And yet every Legislature makes an appropriation for Tougaloo. The institution's management reports the use made of the money, and the Governor appoints a Board of Visitors. This is the extent of State supervision, and still Mississippi continues to make biennially an appropriation for the university. The last Legislature cut down the amount somewhat, but it cut some of the white institutions worse than it did Tougaloo.

Perhaps a stronger evidence of the esteem in which this university is held by white Mississippi is the social consideration bestowed upon those connected with the institution. The prejudice which ostracises "a nigger teacher" and which is so pronounced in most communities where there is a colored institution, is rarely observable here. On the Board of Visitors are men of the highest standing, like Col. J.L. Power, for almost a lifetime the head of the Clarion; Oliver Clifton, the Clerk of the Supreme Court, and F.A. Wolfe, the former Superintendent of Education. Mr. W.S. Lemly, one of the leading business men of Jackson, is a member of the Board of Trustees. To visit Tougaloo is not to lose caste in Jackson society, but is altogether a proper thing to do.

Of course there is an explanation for this. White Mississippians are much like white Georgians or white Carolinians in their views on the race problem and on negro education. Tougaloo's peculiar relation to the white people must be accounted for by the features in which it differs from other colored institutions maintained by Northern societies.

THE SECRET OF IT.

The Rev. Frank G. Woodworth, President of the university, was asked how he accounted for the exceptional esteem in which Tougaloo is held. His reply was: "I think the attention which we give to industrial education has a great deal to do with it. That, and the preparation of teachers, [pg 208] are two things which we make most prominent in our work. The white people can see the good effects of the training we give so plainly that they feel the work we are doing is good."

This view of President Woodworth was abundantly confirmed by subsequent inquiries among white Mississippians. It is the industrial education the negroes are receiving there which so thoroughly commends the university to the dominant race. The shops are considered fully as important as the class rooms at Tougaloo. Carpentry, painting, tinning, blacksmithing and wagon-making are taught, not only the rudiments, but to the extent of turning out finished workmen. The shops were built by the students and are admirably equipped with tools. Wagons from the Tougaloo apprentices sell for $60 in Jackson, and are preferred to the product of first-class wagon-makers.

The desk at which I sit, and which will compare with skilled work anywhere, was made by one of our students. In the blacksmithing and wagon-making they learn to take iron and wood in the rough and turn out a good, substantial wagon. The value to the colored youth of such training can hardly be over-estimated. They are trained to do skilled work, to be self-reliant and self-supporting.

THE FARM SCHOOL.

But teaching the trades is but part of the system of industrial education at Tougaloo. Each boy is required to work at least one hour a day on the university farm. For all work over that hour the student receives pay, the highest allowance being 7c. an hour. The farm is not run to make money, but to educate. The idea is to make the operation of the farm an object lesson to the students in the better methods of agriculture and stock raising. Several students, enough to take care of the steady and continuous farm work, are employed all day on the farm and attend the night school, but the bulk of the farm labor comes from the students, who give from one to several hours to it outside of school. Last year the farm was run with but one man outside of the student help. The boys, while getting their book learning, tilled eighty-five acres of corn, fifteen acres of oats, with a second crop of peas, seventeen acres of cotton, eight acres of peas, three acres of sorghum, two acres of garden and five acres of berries and orchard. The stock cared for included 100 head of blooded cattle, forty sheep and forty swine. The farm furnished the boarding department 14,000 pounds of beef and pork, 84,476 pounds of milk, and other products in proportion. The university farm stock has a reputation State-wide, and the exhibits are features of the annual fairs held at Jackson. While every boy in the institution has to do some daily work on the farm, there is set apart for the ninth grade a special course of a year in agricultural instruction designed to make good, practical farmers of those who take it. So much for the boys.

[pg 209]

The girls get their full share of industrial training at Tougaloo. They have daily instruction in some branch of household duty, ranging from dish-washing to canning and preserving. Sewing is taught from the plain darning and mending to fitting and dressmaking according to the latest fashion plates. It has come to be well understood that the Mississippi lady of a house who gets one of the trained students from Tougaloo has "a perfect treasure."

THE STUDY OF HOUSEKEEPING.

One of the latest additions to the system of industrial training for girls at the university is a novelty. A cottage has been set apart—four girls are assigned to it for a month at a time. There they "keep house" in all details. They not only sweep and clean and cook, but they buy their supplies, keep account of all household expenses, and manage as they will have to do when they get homes of their own. A matron looks closely after the cottage feature, which is intended to teach neatness and economy and to develop executive ability.

With Tougaloo doing such a work as this, how could the white Mississippians feel otherwise than kindly toward her. The cry has been that "education ruins the nigger." It has been asserted over and over—so many times that most Southerners believe it as true as gospel—that higher education makes a negro too proud to work. But here is an education the very central idea of which is work—work with the hands and the eyes. Here is a university which gives to the State skilled mechanics vastly superior to those who "pick up" their trades; farmers who can make two bolls of cotton grow where one grew before; stockraisers who know all the fine points of the various breeds. Governor Lowry could well say in his last message to the Mississippi Legislature:

"This university, by its successful management, commends itself to your favorable consideration."

At the closing exercises of the year yesterday, Tougaloo took another step forward. Instead of turning out a class of graduates, the management increased the course and raised the standard. An institution which does that is certainly progressive.

Two of the notable things on the programme were an essay by Lucy Jenkins, on "What Tougaloo Does for the Girls," and an oration by James Miller on "Industrial Education." Both of them were well considered, well written and well delivered. The essayist and the orator were black, not yellow. Their efforts would have done credit to Anglo-Saxons of corresponding age, North or South. As for the musical part of the programme—ah, there was melody indeed.

A negro boy named Scott, with all the features of the African strongly marked, executed a difficult solo with an artistic appreciation which would have brought enthusiastic plaudits from an audience of critics.

[pg 210]

A TRUE FRIEND OF THE RACE.

And then the Rev. Dr. William Hayne Leavell, of Meridian, arose to deliver the annual address. What a contrast! Dr. Leavell is a South Carolinian by birth and a relative of the great Nullifier Hayne. He comes of one of the proud old Southern families and has the highest social connections. He stands six feet high, a magnificent specimen of physical manhood, and as chock full of moral courage as he is of blue blood. This man left his home, declined an invitation to participate in the Confederate corner-stone ceremonies, and devoted his birthday anniversary to Tougaloo. Dr. Leavell is a son-in-law of United States Senator George, of Mississippi. He is the man who delivered an address before the Mississippi Legislature last winter, and denounced as cowards, men who go about with pistols in their hip pockets. And when the blank looks of amazement went round he rubbed his sentiments in on the Mississippians and their folly, of making themselves walking shooting galleries. Coming before the students of Tougaloo yesterday, Dr. Leavell said:

"My interest in you, in this whole work, grows out of a memory. Your fathers were the servants of my fathers. I remember that in 1861, when I was a very small boy, the sound of war went through this land. My father, kinsmen and friends went forth to battle to keep your fathers in servitude. I remember that not a few of your fathers knew what that war meant—that if my fathers succeeded, your fathers would be kept in servitude forever and my fathers would remain the master class. All the men that could protect the women and children were away. The fathers and brothers and friends were away fighting. We were in the power of your fathers and of some of you gray-headed people that I see. I remember that when they returned from that war your fathers gave back to mine the women and children without a hair of their heads having been harmed. I have remembered this with deep gratitude; and ever since that time I have felt a deep interest in you. It is therefore, that I have come in response to the call to be here to-day."

THE ONLY LOGICAL RESULT.

He proceeded at considerable length with such earnest advice as he might have given to the assembled students of a white university on commencement day. After a time he touched upon the special condition which his audience presented.

"I know," said he, "of no people who have ever lived with a more difficult problem before them. You have before you the duty of saving yourselves. Mark what I tell you, no man of another race ever saved a people. Some man of you, or of your race, has got to go with the pillar of fire by night and the cloud by day, and, like Moses, lead you.

"God knows many a man of my race has given his life and service for [pg 211] yours. And not only these men who fought at the end of a gun to make you free have given their lives for you, but some of us from the South, who stood with breasts bared to the bayonets of those who were marching forward to the support of a great principle. We are anxious now to do all we can for your advancement. But we of the white race may do our best. After all we have done for you, it is as when a man goes with a friend to the brink of the grave; he can go no further. There is a limit beyond which we cannot go for you, no matter how great our interest in you. Some man with a skin darker than mine must take up the work and carry it on."

He said not a word about politics, but later in the day the question was put to him privately:

"Doctor, suppose these negroes to whom you talked awhile ago become what you urged them to be—useful, reliant, well-to-do citizens—what will be their status politically? Will the white people, with all this progress of the negro in education, in industry, in independence and in the acquisition of property, acknowledge his political rights?"

"They'll have to, sir," was the prompt and emphatic reply. "This present condition of affairs can't go on. We know that. As the negro becomes qualified we've got to admit him to full citizenship."

W.B.S.

WHICH WILL BE THE UNDER DOG IN THE FIGHT?

As a member of a Boston Raymond Excursion in January last, I spent three or four days in New Orleans. The President and a Trustee of Straight University visited our side-tracked train, and invited us to call at the University. Quite a number accepted the invitation, and in addition to being shown through the buildings, we were entertained by the students, under the supervision of the President and Professors, with hymns, songs and plantation music, with explanation by the President of the course of studies and progress of the students. At the close of the reception, it fell to my lot to acknowledge the civility shown us, which I did in the following words:

In behalf of visitors from the Raymond Excursion, it gives me great pleasure to express to the officers and students of Straight University our thanks for the interesting reception we have received at their hands. We have come from a long way off, for sight-seeing, and the study of the country, but here we find something more than the wild mountains, and desolate plains, and border towns, that are to make up so much of the interest of our journey. Through institutions like this, a problem suggested to me in one of your streets will find solution. I visited the Republican State Convention in session, to see ex-Governor Kellogg, whom I had known in his boyhood among the Green Mountains, and who was one of [pg 212] the officers of the convention. While there I listened to several speeches from colored men, which, for clearness of thought and pathos of oratory, would have done credit to any public speaker in the country. I have since learned, with great pleasure, that several of these gentlemen were graduates of this University. On leaving the convention, when scarcely a block away, I met a well-dressed gentleman, and naturally fell into conversation about the convention. The gentleman claimed to have inherited the blood of Boston, but had lived twenty years in New Orleans. With respect to the convention, he said: "I tell you, sir, the white people here will never consent to be governed by a lot of ignorant Negroes, like those in that convention!" I have thought on this statement, and coming here, I find its solution. Knowledge is power, whether its possessor be white or black, and unless the white people of the South make the education of their children more of a paramount interest than heretofore, they will find the learning and muscle, the precedents of wealth, combined in the colored race. The rural population will find that they need for themselves and their children a better knowledge than can be acquired from the court-house, saloon, or the village tavern.

It is an interesting thought, that these students will go from this institution back to their low-down homes on the borders of rice fields and cotton plantations, where their fathers and mothers have toiled in slavery, and by an inspiration that is divine, will dissipate the dark memories of the past, and will show, by precept and example, that sanctification of spirit and purity of life will shape the destiny of their race for coming time. Again we thank you for this interview.

JOHN M. STEARNS

VALUED APPRECIATION.

B.M. Zettler, Esq., who for many years has been in charge of the public schools of Macon, Ga., and who has, therefore, eminent qualifications for pronouncing judgment in regard to schools and school work, has written the following in reference to the Lewis Normal Institute of Macon. We are always glad to welcome the inspection of our schools by our Southern friends, and are specially gratified with their approval of our work.

Having had this year for the first time since Lewis School was placed under your charge, an opportunity to see the institution "from the inside," I desire to place in your hands a brief statement of my impressions concerning the school and its work. And while I do this (without solicitation) for the encouragement of yourself and associates, I have no objection to the use of the statement in any way that you may see fit. I confess I was not prepared to see so many practical, common-sense features in the school. I refer especially to the well conducted industrial departments, and the prominence given to moral training.

[pg 213]

The teachers impressed me as being not only qualified, zealous and skillful, but as possessing a genuine interest in their work that is as inspiring as it is beautiful and becoming. The results of their labors as I witnessed them in the closing exercises were such as always follow where skill, good judgment and zeal are brought to bear.

I am satisfied that you, and the noble ladies associated with you, are doing a good work among our colored people, and that, too, in a way that leaves no room with fair-minded men for adverse criticism in any direction. In leaving our city for the summer vacation, you take with you my earnest wish that you may have a season of genuine rest and recuperation and that a kind Providence may return you to us in the fall, to continue your "labor of love" in Macon.

THE CHINESE.

Our missions in San Francisco observed their thirteenth (public) anniversary on Sunday evening, May 30th, at Bethany Church. The audience—partly American, partly Chinese—crowded not the pews only, but most of the aisles. The service was impressive and deeply interesting. Lack of space forbids my attempting to describe it in detail, but I forward for the readers of the MISSIONARY the following address, delivered by Fung Jung, who has recently entered upon work as a missionary helper.

WM. C. POND.

SCHOOL LIFE IN CHINA.

I suppose you would like to hear about the school life of the children in China. The girls are never sent to school, as the Chinese do not think it is necessary for girls to be educated. Nearly every boy is sent to school at about the same age as your American boys, six or seven. From this time the boy's playing days are over. If the teacher sees or hears that any one has been playing after the school hour, he would be severely punished. What would your American boys think of such treatment?

School begins at the first dawning of light, and closes when we can see to read no more. No intermission is allowed, excepting for the pupils to go home to get their meals. The first thing in the morning we begin to study the book of Confucius, all the pupils studying aloud. We shall have to recite to the teacher very soon. When we go up to recite, we must hand the book to the teacher and turn our faces from him. This gives no chance to see which word comes next. This is called backing the book. The consequences will be very sad should we fail in reciting our lessons. A new lesson is then assigned if we recite well. School dismisses for the pupils to go home for breakfast at 9 o'clock. The writing lesson begins as soon as we come back. We study again, and write again, [pg 214] and our copy books are examined by the teacher. The nest time we recite, the teacher picks out ten of the hardest characters from our lesson to see if we recognize them. We shall have much trouble this time if we miss. The teacher will inflict some curious punishment upon us and will say, "You know this very well, I suppose, but the trouble is, you are too old to study your lesson, and I am afraid you cannot see; I will give you a pair of spectacles for a present. Perhaps that may help you to see." Then he takes some red ink and draws a large circle around both eyes, and then we may go home for lunch. No one is allowed to clean it till coming back to school. Hardly any one with such marks wishes to go home for lunch; every one who saw you would know you had been in disgrace.

We come back for our afternoon's work. The first part we spend in writing, and the remainder of the day preparing our lesson for the next morning. For the slightest offense the children are whipped severely. The teachers are so strict, that it is no wonder the children run away from school; some go fishing, or else to the woods hunting birds' nests. If the boys see anybody not belonging to their company they will climb up a tree as high as the branch can hide them from view. All you boys will know the reason we are afraid any one should see us. I remember running away from school once, but unfortunately my father sent my sister to the school for me to go home on business. As she could not find me, my father knew I had not been to school that day. I went home for lunch about the time school dismissed. When I got home, the first question my father asked was, "School dismissed?" I answered, "Yes sir." He then said, "How did you get along with your lesson?" I answered, "First class." "And who was the first one in the class to-day?" I answered, "I am, sir." Then I noticed his voice seemed to have an angry tone, and he said, "Are you sure you have been to school?" I answered, "Of course I did, do you think I am a liar?" I got terribly whipped this time, and when I went to school in the afternoon, I also got a whipping from the teacher. I did not have any more chance for running away from school this year, for I was too closely watched. The children of China, you see, have no pleasant time as you American boys and girls.

The high schools are quite different from the primary. The students have to lodge and board in the school-house. We get up in the morning before daybreak to study; the teacher and all the students go to the explanation hall for our lesson. The teacher explains the meaning of the lesson, and in the afternoon we are expected to recite and give the explanation as given by the teacher. This is the hardest work of the whole day. Our evening lesson is studying essays and poems by Chinese Princes. About eleven o'clock school closes, and in a very few minutes I am sure you will find no one awake. In winter time we manage to get about six hours for sleep, but in summer only about four. We generally [pg 215] sleep a little while at the noon recess. It would not be surprising if when the teacher could not see us, we try to take a little nap in our seat. Each boy has a table to himself. None of the scholars sit erect as your American custom. Every boy leans his head upon his hands, so that he can manage to take a little sleep when the teacher is not looking.

We are allowed two meals a day only, and students cannot tell the cook to prepare any private lunch. We can have as much tea as we wish. The only way we can get anything extra is to try and get the cook to buy it secretly, then it is very hard to get a chance to eat it without the teacher seeing. I remember once my teacher made a visit to his friends; usually he came back in about half an hour. When he was gone, I thought I could make a little lunch, and eat it before he came back. He came sooner than I expected. When I saw him coming back, I ran to my seat as fast as I could and left the lunch in the kitchen. When the teacher found out he told the cook to dish it up and he ate it. When he finished, he came to us with a smile on his face and said, "Whose cooking is this? If he tell me I will give him back the money." When I heard that, I thought it was true, and I never thought the teacher of the high school would tell stories and deceive me. So I said, "It is mine." After I said that, he walked slowly back to his seat. I thought he was going to give me back the money. I did wonder he did not ask me how much it cost. So I watched him and saw him take up the bundle of rattans. I guessed what was coming, and I guess I need not tell you the result. The children of Christian lands have much to be thankful for. I earnestly hope that soon the children of China will enjoy all the privileges which the Gospel brings.

BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK.

MISS D.K. EMERSON, SECRETARY.

WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS.

CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.

ME.—Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, Mrs. C.A. Woodbury, Woodfords, Me.

VT.—Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury, Vt.

CONN.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 Capitol Ave., Hartford, Conn.

N.Y.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. C.C. Creegan, Syracuse, N.Y.

ALA.—Woman's Missionary Association, Secretary, Mrs. G.W. Andrews, Talladega, Ala.

OHIO.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. Flora K. Regal, Oberlin, Ohio.

ILL.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. C.H. Taintor, 151 Washington St., Chicago, Ill.

MICH.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. Mary B. Warren, Lansing, Mich.

WIS.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead, Wis.

MINN.—Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, Mrs. H.L. Chase, 2,750 Second Ave., South, Minneapolis, Minn.

IOWA.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Miss Ella E. Marsh, Grinnell, Iowa.

KANSAS.—Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, Mrs. Addison Blanchard, Topeka, Kan.

SOUTH DAKOTA.—Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. S.E. Young, Sioux Falls, Dak.

[pg 216]

WOMAN'S TEMPERANCE WORK IN THE SOUTH.

We regret that the color-line is rigidly drawn in some parts of the South, at least, in the woman's work for temperance. Too much praise cannot be given to the white women in the South for their zeal in this good cause. The day will probably come when they will extend the hand of fellowship to their equally earnest sisters of the less favored race, but at present they do not recognize them as fellow-workers in the same societies. Some of the extracts given below tell this unpleasant story. All of them, however, show that the colored women, undeterred by this ostracism, are throwing themselves with zeal and success into this good work.

STORRS SCHOOL, ATLANTA, GA.

We have a W.C.T.U., also a Band of Hope. Our Union has increased very much in interest, as well as in numbers, during the year. The Band of Hope meets every Wednesday. It has a membership of one hundred and twenty-five, and an average attendance of seventy-five or eighty. Occasionally one or two ladies from the white W.C.T.U. will visit ours, but our Union is not recognized by the State Union. At one time a lady, acting then as President of our Union, went to the white Union, but she was so light that no one could know to what race she belonged, unless they knew her personally. There were no questions asked, and I don't suppose any one thought of her being colored. Our colored members would not be admitted. Our teachers would be, going by themselves.

TALLADEGA, ALA.

We have a W.C.T.U., also a Loyal Temperance Legion. Our Union is auxiliary to the Second W.C.T.U. of the State, and we are not recognized by the First, or distinctively white organization. Colored members would not be admitted. Indeed I understand that the First Union has withdrawn from the National, because colored delegates were received on the same basis as white.

LOUISVILLE, KY.

I endeavored when I first came to L——, to arouse an interest in temperance work among the people. I visited members of the white W.C.T.U. They assured me of their interest, and a Y.W.C.T.U. No. 2 was organized among the colored women. They were not anxious to be associated with the whites, but when the whites insisted that the name given them should be changed to Colored Y.W.C.T.U., the colored women refused, and the Union disbanded, since which time it has been impossible to arouse among them an interest in organized temperance work, much as it is needed. Colored women would not be admitted as members of a white Union.

[pg 217]

WILMINGTON, N.C.

We have a Temperance Society of about eighty members, and a Band of Hope of one hundred and sixty members, no W.C.T.U., and if there were, it could not have any co-operation with the white societies. Colored members would not be admitted to white societies.

LETTER FROM A TEACHER IN ATLANTA.

When, last November, Atlanta voted to bring the deadly saloon back to our quiet streets, she brought also startling revelations of woman's power. We are accustomed to the refrain of "woman's sceptre," &c., with all its dulcet variations, but the wild threats of deluded wives if their sons or husbands voted for prohibition was a hitherto unheard of "wail from the inferno." Many an earnest Atlanta woman dates her re-consecration to the temperance cause from that awful Saturday night when her frenzied sisters in the public streets joined in the Bacchanalian revelries over the return of their cruel foe. Woman's Christian Temperance Unions at once sprang up in various parts of the city. So much has been done by colored women here, I feel that other A.M.A. centres may be encouraged by an account of it.

The Woman's Christian Temperance Union of East Atlanta, formed in 1885, is an inspiring gathering to visit, with a membership over fifty, and the programme of weekly meetings full and interesting. There are three female physicians in the city who cheerfully address the Union when desired. The pastor of the First Congregational Church, once a month, gives up the mid-week prayer meeting entirely into the hands of this Union. Last week at the close of one of these meetings, a young man told his sister it was the best prayer meeting he ever attended in his life. The Temperance Catechism has been thoroughly taught and illustrated. Committees of women are appointed to visit homes and solicit members or attendance on the Union. At the close of the meetings the women have access to a box of leaflets on social purity, training of children, &c., which they read and return.

Atlanta University has a Y.W.C.T.U., composed of over seventy girls in the Higher Normal department. I wish our Northern friends could look into their intelligent faces and watch their eager interest in this work. A committee for visiting the poor reports every week; the press superintendent reports her work, and if there is time reads what she sent to the papers; the social purity superintendent gives a little talk or has something read on the subject; and the most cheering thing of all is the report from our literature superintendents, who often report as many as thirty books or leaflets read during the week from our little circulating library. This library cost about five dollars.

Every officer in all these four Unions is a Negro except one. They preside with such intelligence, grace and dignity, that our Southern white [pg 218] ladies who sometimes visit them are enthusiastic in their praise. The Unions plan for a mass meeting every three months in some large church.

Its forty departments of organized work give each a place where she can do her best, and its opportunities for visiting the lowly are excellent. To give our money is generous, but to give ourselves is Christly. House-to-house visitation and personal contact of the ignorant and unfortunate with those who are only a little wiser and better, even, is a mighty elevator. A W.C.T.U. visiting committee with short terms of office, and so including a large number of women during the year, can, in an official capacity, call on a poor or wayward sister without antagonizing her or wounding her self-respect.

OUR YOUNG FOLKS.

CHILDREN'S DAY AT TALLADEGA.

MRS. H.S. DEFOREST.

A glorious sun ushered in the 29th of April, when for the first time Children's Day was observed by the College Church. Deft fingers had adorned the white walls, the chandeliers and the rostrum, with living green, and from pulpit and organ glowed and burned the roses which blossomed in rare profusion for this happy day. Early, from every quarter, flocked the children, many with faces "black, but comely," and all in attire neat and clean. Seats reserved for their use were speedily filled, and as their voices rose in songs of praise, canary and mocking bird from swinging cages swelled the glad sound. An ascription of praise to God by the choir opened the exercises, the pastor following with appropriate Scripture and prayer, and a word as to the object of the decorations and special service—not for a picnic or celebration, but that the children might ever remember this day with solemn and peculiar interest as their very own.

After the chanting by the choir, soft and slow, of "Suffer the little children to come unto me," twenty children were presented by their parents for baptism, two of the youngest belonging to officers of the College. Parents brought two, and even three, little ones, that the man of God might place upon their foreheads the seal of their consecration, and in solemn and tender words they were reminded of the meaning and obligation of the rite.

A second exercise of unusual interest was the presentation of a Bible to each of the baptized children of the church between the ages of seven and twelve. To sixteen children, the day was thus made memorable, the giving being prefaced with fitting remarks, and the hope being expressed that during the year the new Bible might be read entirely through. One recipient on reaching home immediately fell to work, and on being remonstrated with for using his eyes too steadily, said, "This is too good a [pg 219] Bible to stop reading." Doubtless all were appreciated in like manner, and will be sacredly treasured.

Short and pertinent addresses, suitable to childhood, were made by chosen speakers, hymns familiar and appropriate were sung, and the benediction, pronounced by a Baptist brother, closed a service unique and unusual.

A grandmother to twenty-three children, of whom three were presented for baptism, said to the writer, "Oh! I am so happy. We never had anything like this before, and the children and parents, too, are obleeged to remember it."

RECEIPTS FOR MAY, 1888.

MAINE. $722.07.
Augusta. Miss Alice Means S.S. Class, for Student Aid, Talladega C. | 3.55
Bangor. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 25.00
Bangor. Miss Wyman's S.S. Class, for Oahe Indian Sch. | 5.00
Bangor. Mary F. Duren and others, for Rosebud Indian M. | 0.60
Bath. Winter St. Cong. Ch., 157.75; Central Cong. Ch. and Soc., 30 | 187.75
Calais. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 45.00
Foxcroft. Mrs. D. Blanchard | 1.00
Harpswell. Cong Ch., 18; Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Indian M., 4 | 22.00
Portland. King's Daughters, by Miss Moniton, Sec., Box of Basted Work and 1 doz. thimbles, for Selma, Ala. |
South Berwick. Mrs. K.B. Lewis, 3.50; "A Lady in Neb." by John H. Plumer, 2 | 5.50
Union. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 7.00
Winslow. S.S. of Cong. Ch. | 10.00
Yarmouth. A.H. Burbank, M.D. | 50.00
York. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 6.00
| ————
| 368.40

LEGACY.
Bethel. Estate of Sarah J. Chapman, by A.W. Valentine, Ex. | 353.67
| ————
| $722.07

NEW HAMPSHIRE. $488.29.
Amherst. Cong. Ch. | 37.15
Claremont. Cong. Ch. | 10.50
Concord. West Cong, Ch., 20: J.W. Chandler, 1 | 21.00
Derry. Nutfield Mission, by Edna A. Clarke, Treas., for Schp., Santee Indian M. | 50.00
Dunbarton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Wilmington. N.C. | 10.00
East Derry. Mrs. M.G. Pigeon, to const. MISS ABBIE M. CHOATE L.M. | 31.00
Exeter. Second Ch., 125; "A Friend." 5 | 130.00
Exeter. "A Friend," for Talladega C. | 5.00
Hollis. Cong. Ch. | 16.25
Jaffrey. Children's Soc. "The Lillies," for Storrs Sch., Atlanta, Ga. | 9.00
Keene. Second Cong. Ch., 26.60; "M.E.S." 10 | 36.60
Littleton. "The Hillside Gleaners," by Mrs. S.E. Clay, for Oahe Indian Sch. | 40.00
Mount Vernon. J.A. Starrett | 5.00
Nashua. Ladles of Pilgrim Ch., Bbl. and Box of C., for Storrs Sch., Atlanta, Ga. |
Northwood. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 14.00
Rindge. Cong. Ch. | 4.50
Wilton. Second Cong. Ch. | 15.50
Winchester. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 52.79

VERMONT. $428.80.
Alburg Springs. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 4.00
Barton Landing. Children's Miss'y Soc., for Indian M., by Kate B. Joslyn, Treas. | 12.00
Bellows Falls, Cong. Ch. and Soc., to const. CHANCEY ADAMS, CHARLES SAWYER and EDWARD G. OSGOOD L.M's | 90.48
Bellows Falls. Mrs. J.M. Dawes, Box BOOKS, for Lathrop Library, Sherwood, Tenn. |
Burlington. Ladies of College St. Ch., by Mrs. G.G. Benedict, 8.60; Y.P.S.C.E. of First Cong. Ch., 1.84, for McIntosh, Ga. | 10.44
Clarendon. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 5.00
Cornwall. Cong. Ch. | 56.64
Coventry. Ladles of Cong. Ch., for McIntosh, Ga. | 15.00
Fairlee. "A Friend" | 5.00
Fairlee. Ladles, by Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, for McIntosh, Ga. | 5.00
Jericho. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 11.74
Northfield. Mrs. Mary D. Smith | 4.50
Putney. "A few members Cong. Ch." by Mrs. A.C. Shattuck, for McIntosh, Ga. | 8.00
Saint Albans. Ladies of Cong. Ch., by Mrs. M.A. Stranahan, for McIntosh, Ga. | 20.00
Saint Johnsbury. North Cong. Ch. | 100.00
Saxtons River. Cong. Ch. and Soc. | 20.00
Springfield. "Splinters of the Board" Mission Circle, by Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, for McIntosh, Ga. | 5.00
Waitsfield. Ladies, by Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, for McIntosh, Ga. | 7.00
West Randolph. "A Friend," to const. MRS. SIDNEY HOWARD L.M. | 30.00
Weston. Cong. Ch. | 4.00
Williston. Sab. Sch. Children's Fund, by H.O. Whitney, Treas. | 4.00
Woodstock. Ladies, by Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, for McIntosh, Ga. | 11.00

[pg 220]

MASSACHUSETTS. $8,282.82.

Amherst. South Cong. Ch.
6.75

Andover. Joseph W. Smith, 50; "A Friend," 10
60.00

Andover. Free Christian Ch., (of which 10 for Indian M. and 15 for Mountain White Work)
155.31

Andover. Sab. Sch. of Free Christian Ch. for Williamsburg, Ky.
25.00

Ashfield. Cong. Soc.
30.55

Belchertown. Mrs. R.W. Walker
2.00

Boston. Ezra Farnsworth, 500; Miss Ida M. Mason, 250; Miss E.F. Mason, 250; A Friend, 200; E.W. Harper, 100; Jno. Ritchie, 100; "H.O.H." 100; Boston, Nat'l. League, 100; J. Ingersoll Bowditch, 50; Mrs. Edna D. Cheney, 50; "A Friend," 25; "A Friend," 25; Miss Abbey W. May, 25; Wm. C. Richardson, 25; Louis Prang, 5, for Atlanta U.
1,805.00       

"       Howard A. Bridgeman
7.50       

"       "A Friend"
5.00       

"       Mrs. E.P. Eayes
5.00       

"       Sab. Sch. Old So. Ch., for
        Student Aid, Fisk U.
40.00       

"       A.S. Covel, for Student Aid,
        Talladega C.
25.00       

"       James H. Beal, for Hospital, Indian M.
25.00       

      Charlestown. Winthrop Ch. and Soc.
73.23       

      Dorchester. Mrs. E.T.W. Baker, for
      Hospital Indian M.
75.00       

————

2,060.73

Boxford. Earnest Workers for Indian M.
20.00

Cambridge. First Ch. and Shepard Soc.
242.25

Cambridge. Young Ladies, Mission Circle of No. Av. Cong. Ch., for Schp. Oahe Indian M., By Rosa E. Bennett, Treas.
25.00

Cambridge. Prof. J. Henry Thayer, D.D. for Atlanta U.
25.00

Cambridge. M.F. Aiken, for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.
5.00

Canton. Hon. Elijah A. Morse, for Atlanta U.
25.00

Chelsea. First Cong. Ch., for Atlanta U.
50.00

Chelsea. Central Ch.
17.73

Clinton. Cong. Ch.
55.00

Clinton. Mrs. M. Haskell, for Talladega C.
25.00

Dedham. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.
169.05

Dedham. Allen Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., for Atlanta U.
55.64

East Bridgewater. Union Sab. Sch., for Student Aid, Talladega C.
12.50

East Weymouth. Mr. Totman, of Cong. Ch., for Petty, Texas
20.00

Fitchburg. Miss Mattie D. Baldwin's S.S. Class, for Atlanta U.
5.67

Georgetown. Memorial Ch.
44.32

Georgetown. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., (10 of which for Atlanta U.)
35.00

Hanson. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
11.98

Haverhill. Dr. John Crowell's S.S. Class, Center Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.
30.00

Hinsdale. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
84.40

Holliston. S.S. Class of Young Ladies, Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Talladega C.
5.00

Hyde Park. Cong. Ch., for Atlanta U.
50.00

Lawrence. Sab. Sch. of Trinity Cong. Ch., for Mountain White Work
20.00

Lee. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.
75.00

Leominster. Cong. Ch., (100 of which for Indian M.)
123.35

Lowell. High St. Ch. and Soc.
159.92

Lunenberg. Evan Cong. Ch.
8.00

Melrose. Ladies of Cong. Ch., for Talladega, Ala., Freight
1.37

Millbury. Second Cong. Ch.
72.93

Millbury. Sab. Sch. of Second Cong. Ch., for Indian M.
50.00

Millbury. Sab. Sch. of Second Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Atlanta U.
25.00

Newburyport. Belleville Cong. Ch., 77; North Ch., and Soc., 39
116.00

Newton Center. Hon. Robert R. Bishop, 25; Arthur C. Walworth, 10; J. Caldwell, 5; Bertie Morse, brother and sister, 19 ct., for Atlanta U.
40.19

Newton Center. Maria P. Furber Miss'y Soc., for Indian M.
20.00

Newton Center. Helen Pray, for Indian M.
0.10

North Amherst. ——.
10.00

Northampton. First Cong. Ch., 317.68; Jared Clark, 20
337.68

Northampton. Mary A. Burnham School, for Hospital, Indian M.
110.00

Northampton. A.L. Williston, for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.
21.00

North Brookfield. First Cong. Ch., to const. W.H. HOLT, FRANK HARRIS and JENNIE L. DELAND L.M's
100.00

Northbridge. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.
21.56

North Leominster. Cong. Ch., to const. MRS. FRANK FISKE, L.M.
35.03

Pepperell. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Storrs Sch., Atlanta, Ga.
15.00

Reading. Cong. Ch.
18.00

Rockland. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.
25.00

Salem. Young Ladies M.C. of Tab. Ch., for Schp., Santee Indian Sch.
50.00

Shelburne Falls. "American Missionary Aids" by Mrs. A.N. Russell
11.91

Shrewsbury. Cong. Ch., for Indian M.
26.17

South Framingham. So. Cong. Ch., (50 of which for Atlanta. U. and 50 for Mountain White Work, from R.L. Day)
232.63

Southington, Sab. Sch. Cong. Ch., for Rosebud Indian M.
6.45

Somerville. "Friend in Day St. Ch."
5.00

South Weymouth. L.M. Praying Circle of Second Cong. Ch.
17.35

Spencer. Dr. E.W. Norwood, for Student aid, Atlanta U.
10.00

Spencer. Class of Boys, Cong. S.S., for Student Aid, Talladega C.
3.33

Sunderland. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
21.33

Waltham. Ladies of Cong. Ch., for Talladega Ala., Freight
1.48

Ware. "Friends," 75; Sab. Sch. East Cong. Ch., Young Mens' Class, for Schp., 35; Young Ladies' Class, 30, for Indian M.
140.00

Ware. East Cong. Ch., for Indian M. add'l.
1.00

West Acton. Rev. J.W. Brown
5.00

West Boylston. Chas. T. White
5.00

Westfield. Sab. Sch. of Second Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.
66.72

Westford. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
17.00

West Springfield. Ladies Mission Circle of Park St. Ch., for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.
20.00

West Stockbridge. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Atlanta U.
5.00

Wilmington. Cong. Ch.
24.59

Winchester. First Cong. Ch. and Soc., (146 of which for Indian M.)
165.55

Winchester. Mrs. B.F. Holbrook, for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.
5.00

Worcester. "A Friend in Piedmont Ch."
5.00

Worcester. Philip L. Moen, 100; Albert Curtis, 50; E.G. Partridge, 50; Philip W. Moen, 50; Stephen Salisbury, 25; Geo. L. Newton, 25; "S.E.J.," 25; Hon. P.E. Aldrich, 10; Edw'd Hall, 5; A.G. Bullock, 5; H.D. Foster, 2, for Atlanta U.
347.00

Worcester. Mrs, Abby S. Kimball and Other Friends, 35; Mrs. Geo. M. Rice, 35; for Sch'p's Indian M.
70.00

Worcester. Mrs. Abbey Coes, 50; "A Member of Union Ch." 5; for Rosebud Indian M.
55.00

Worcester. Mr. Green, 2 Pkg's books, for Library, Sherwood, Tenn.

By Charles Marsh, Treas. Hampden Benev. Ass'n:
       East Granville
6.00       

       Holyoke. Second
48.60       

       Monson
35.56       

       Springfield. First
20.00       

       Springfield. Olivet
36.68       

       Westfield. Second
14.46       

———       

156.30       

————

$6,232.82

LEGACIES.
Medfield. Estate of Mrs. Abigail Cummings, (500 of which for Atlanta U.) by Executors | 2000.00
Newton Centre. Estate of Rebecca Parker Ward, by Benj. W. Kingsbury | 50.00
| ————
| $8,282.82

[pg 221]

CLOTHING, ETC. RECEIVED AT BOSTON OFFICE.
Boston, Mass. Miss H.H. Stanwood, 21 Valuable Books, for Library, Macon, Ga. |
Farmingham, Mass. 1 Bbl. for Kittrell, N.C. |
Hyde Park. Mass. Woman's H.M. Union of Cong. Ch., 3 Bbls. Val. 150, for Pleasant Hill, Tenn. |
Lanesville. W.L. Saunders, 1 Box |
Shrewsbury. Sab. Sch. of Cong Ch., 1 Box Books |

RHODE ISLAND. $11.00.
Providence. Rev. A.F. Keith | 10.00
Providence. Ed. R. Wheeler, for Talladega C. | 1.00

CONNECTICUT. $4,588.53.

Ansonia. First Cong. Ch.
36.50

Bethel. Young Ladies Mission Circle, for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.
50.00

Bridgeport, Second Cong. Ch.
80.50

Bridgeport. Young People of Park St. Ch., for Indian M.
5.00

Bridgeport. Ladies of First Cong. Ch., Box Bedding, etc., for Williamsburg, Ky.

Bridgewater. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
11.91

Bristol. "A Friend"
75.00

Bristol. Ladies Soc., Cong. Ch., Bbl. of C., etc., for Thomasville, Ga.

Canterbury. Rev. E.C. Haynes
5.00

Center Brook and Ivoryton. Second Cong. Ch. of Say Brook, to const. DEA. GILBERT F. BUCKINGHAM, L.M.
50.47

Colchester. W.C.T.U., Talladega, Ala., freight
1.38

Darien. Ladies Soc., by Miss Ellen M. Nash, for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.
10.00

East Granby. "Ladies" 3; Mission Band, 2; by Mrs. E.H. Strong, for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.
5.00

East Haven. Cong. Ch.
12.44

East Woodstock. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
20.00

Enfield. "Friends in Cong. Ch.," 56.88 ——, for Hospital, 15, "Birthday Gifts," 9.70, for Indian M.
81.58

Enfield. Albert Abbe, for Student Aid, Straight U.
7.00

Essex. "Friends," by C.S. Munger, for Oahe Indian Sch.
3.00

Fairfield. First Cong. Ch.
36.10

Fair Haven. First Cong. Ch.
42.00

Gilead. Cong. Ch.
40.00

Greenwich. "A"
20.00

Guilford. First Cong. Ch. to const. MISS ETTA L. BULLARD L.M.
30.00

Hampton. Henry G. Taintor, 5; Mrs. Henry G. Taintor, 5; —— 5
15.00

Hartford. Mrs. Henry Perkins, for Boys' Hall, Santee Indian M.
1000.00

Hartford. Asylum Hill Cong. Ch., 100; "A Friend," 100; Theodore Lyman, 50; Miss Charlotte Jewell, 25; Atwood Collins, 25; Rev. W.H. Moore, 20; Geo. W. Moore, 20; Jona B. Bruce, 20; J.S. Wells, 10; Mrs. Pliny Jewell, Sr., 10; Dea. B.E. Hooker, 10; G.M. Welch, 10; Chas. B. Whiting, 10; D.W.C. Pond, 5; Mrs. Chas. F. Howard, 5; Abel S. Clark, 5; Chas. E. Thompson, 5, for Atlanta U.
430.00

Hartford. Students Theo. Sem., for Indian M.
35.00

Hebron. First Cong. Ch.
9.38

Higganum. Mrs. Susan Gladwin, for Indian M.
5.00

Kensington. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 5, bal. to const. MRS. IDA R. BENEDICT L.M.; Mrs. M. Hotchkiss, 5
10.00

Middletown. "A.B.C."
5.00

Middletown. Miss Susan C. Clarke, for Atlanta U.
30.00

Milton. Friends in Cong. Ch., by Mrs. G. Page, for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.
3.00

New Britain. Mrs. Louisa Nichols, (30 of which to const. CHARLES JEWETT, L.M.) 50; James W. Cooper, 10; D.N. Camp, 5; F.G. Platt, 5; B.N. Comings, 5; Arthur Blake, 2; John Wyard, 2; for Jewett Mem. Hall, Grand View, Tenn.
79.00

New Britain. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Tougaloo U.
75.00

New Britain. L.B. Soc. of So. Cong. Ch., Bbl. of C., Miss M. Stanley, 1.37, for Williamsburg, Ky.
1.37

New Haven. United Cong. Ch., 211.11; E. Woolsey, 5
216.11

New Haven. Young Ladies M. Circle of Center Ch., 75; Mrs. Julia Dickerman; 25; Alfred Walker, 10; for Hospital Indian M.
110.00

New Haven. F.H. Hart, for Student Aid, Talladega C.
50.00

New Haven. S.J.M. Merwin, 20; "E.H.B." 6; John G. North, 5; W.A. Ives, 5; T.T. Munger, 2; R.P. Cowles, 2; D.W. Shares, 2; "Cash", 1; Rufus S. Picket, 1, for Jewett Mem. Hall, Grand View, Tenn.
44.00

New Haven. Dwight Place Ch. Benev. Soc. Bbl. of C., for Macon, Ga.

New London. Mrs. Martha S. Harris, for Indian M.
20.00

New London. "Friends" Bbl. Table Linen, etc., for Talladega C.

New London. Henry R. Bond, 5; "Cash," 5, for Jewett Mem. Hall, Grand View, Tenn.
10.00

New Milford. Mr. and Mrs. J.S. Turrill
10.00

Nepaug. Cong. Ch.
6.64

Newington. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Atlanta U.
103.08

North Cornwall. Cong. Ch.
47.35

North Coventry. Cong. Ch.
35.16

Norfolk. Sab. Sch. Cong. Ch., for Indian M.
20.00

Norwich. "Cash," 13; W.H. Shields, 5; J.P. Barstow, 5; Miss E.S. Gilman, 5; N.L. Bishop, 3; W.S. Hempstead, 2; for Jewett Mem. Hall, Grand View, Tenn.
33.00

Norwich. "A Friend," for Atlanta U.
5.00

Norwich Town. Mrs. S.N. Yarrington, for Indian M.
1.00

Plainville. Cong. Ch.
96.51

Preston. Long. Soc., for Thomasville, Ga.
5.00

Rockville. First Cong. Ch.
100.00

Roxbury. Mrs. S.J. Beardsley, Pkg. Patchwork, for Sherwood, Tenn.

Sharon. Birthday Box of Cong. Ch., for Atlanta U.
12.08

Sherman. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
15.00

South Manchester. Cheney Bros., for Atlanta U.
300.00

Southport. Ladies' Soc. by Miss M.G. Petry, for Conn. Ind'l Sch. Ga.
20.00

Stafford Springs. Sab. Sch., of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.
25.00

Stonington. Mrs. Robert Eldred's S.S. Class, 6.60; Mrs. Dr. Hyde, 2, "Cash" 1, for Talladega C.
9.60

Suffield. Cong. Ch. and Soc.
22.73

Thomaston. Cong. Ch.
12.35

Thompson. Cong. Ch.
25.80

Unionville. First Church of Christ
25.51

Washington. Cong. Ch. for Mountain White Work
38.21

Washington Depot. "S"
10.00

Westville. Cong. Ch.
19.00

Windsor Locks. Cong. Ch.
87.77

----. "Poor Widow in Conn."
2.00

Woman's Home Missionary Union of Conn., by Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, Sec.:
        Bridgeport. L.M. Soc. of North Ch.
        for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.
75.00       

        Fairfield. L.M. Soc. of First Ch.,
        for Indian M.
45.00       

        Griswold. Ladies M. Soc.,
        for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.
10.00       

        Hartford. W.C.H.M.U., in memory of
        Mrs. Charles Ray Palmer,
10.00       

———       

130.00       

————

$3,988.53

[pg 222]

LEGACIES.
New London. "Trust Estate of Henry P. Haven" | 300.00
Rocky Hill. Estate Of Rev. Asa B. Smith, by Rev. Elijah Harmon, Ex. | 300.00
| ————
| $4,588.53

NEW YORK. $6,978.25.

Albany. B.W. Johnson, Christmas Cards, for Savannah, Ga.

Brooklyn. Central Cong. Soc
1027.26

Brooklyn, Sab. Sch. of Central Cong. Ch., for Indian M.
37.50

Brooklyn. Thomas Stone, for Talladega C.
20.00

Buffalo. Mrs. Sterling Ely, Box of C. East Rockaway. Cong. Ch.
8.00

Fairport. S.E. Dowd, Papers, etc., for Savannah, Ga.

Fredonia. Martha L. Stevens
5.00

Franklin. Cong. Ch., 25; S.G. Smith, 5
30.00

Havana. W.C.T.U., Box Books, etc., for Avery Inst.

Homer. B.W. Payne
10.00

Lima. Miss Clara M. Janes
1.00

Lisle. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., 2 Pkgs S.S. Papers, for Savannah, Ga.

Mount Carmel. W.C.T.U., 2 Bbls. Books etc., for Avery Inst.

New York. S.T. Gordon
100.00

New York. H.C. Hulbert, 25; John Gibb, 25; S.B. Close, 3, for Talladega C.
53.00

New York. Sab. Sch. of Pilgrim Ch., for Atlanta U.
10.00

Northville. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.
12.00

Norwich. Primary Dep't Sab. Sch. First Ch., 2 doz. H'dkfs, for Savannah, Ga.

Oxford. E.L. ENRIGRO, M.D., 30; to const. himself L.M.; Cong. Ch., 15
45.00

Port Richmond. S. Squires
5.00

Rochester. Plymouth Ch.
52.63

Rochester. "Do What You Can" Mission Band Central Pres. Ch. for Student Aid, Talladega C.
5.00

Saratoga. Ladies of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Talladega C.
10.00

Sherburne. Box of Library Books, by D.W. Teller, for Talladega C.

Sweden. Mission Band, Quilt, etc., for Savannah, Ga.

Syracuse. Plym. Cong. Ch.
35.17

Union Valley. Wm. C. Angel
10.00

Utica. DWIGHT E. MARVIN, to const, himself L.M.
30.00

West Bloomfield. Mrs. Sherrell and Friends, for Student Aid, Fisk U.
10.00

Yaphank. Mrs. Hannah M. Overton, for Oahe Indian Sch.
5.00

Woman's Home Missionary Union of N.Y., by Mrs. L.H. Cobb, Treas., for Woman's Work:
        Berkshire. Daisy Band
13.67       

        Owego. Ladies' Aux.
21.00       

        Moira. Ladies' Aux.
5.00       

        Woman's H.M.U. of N.Y.
221.02       

        Lockport. W.H.M. Soc.
21.00       

        Aquebogne. W.H.M. Soc.
5.00       

        Canandaigua. W.H.M. Soc., (70 of which
        for Schp. Hampton Inst.)
170.00       

———       

456.69       

————

$1,978.25

LEGACY.
Niagara Palls. Estate of William H. Childs, by Wm. F. Evans, Ex. | 5000.00
| ————
| $6,978.25

NEW JERSEY. $90.35.
Closter. Cong. Ch. | 9.35
Montclair. Cong. Ch., ad'l | 1.00
Montclair. Ladies' Missionary Soc. of First Cong. Ch., Bbl. of C., for Washington, D.C. |
Newark. Miss Bleecher, for Student Aid, Marion, Ala. | 30.00
Roselle. "A Friend" for Woman's Work | 50.00

PENNSYLVANIA. $10.00.

Philadelphia. Central Cong. Ch., ad'l
10.00

OHIO. $1,362.59.

Atwater. Cong. Ch. and Soc., bal. to const. MISS FRANK BENJAMIN L.M.
24.35

Atwater. L.H.M.S. of Cong. Ch., for Ponies
1.60

Austinburg. Ladies' Soc., by J.C. Miller, for Ponies
2.00

Berea. Sab, Sch. First Cong. Ch., Box Books, Etc., for Sherwood, Tenn.

Claridon. Mrs. C.W. Eames, 5.50; Mrs. M.C. Bruce, 2; Miss Olive Bruce, 2; W.B. & A.L. Bruce, 2.50; for Student Aid, Talladega C.
12.00

Claridon. Ladies' Soc., by Mrs. Mary C. Bruce, for Ponies
1.00

Cincinnati. Rev. W.H. Warren
2.00

Cleveland. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch.
19.30

Cleveland. C.A. Post, for Student Aid, Straight U.
5.00

Columbus. First Cong. Ch.
246.46

Columbus. By Rev. Benj. Talbot, Bound Set of "New Englander" from Yale Alumni, for Talladega C.

Conneaut. H.E. Pond
5.00

Cuyanoga Falls. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.
23.46

Donnelville. Ella Purssell, for Student Aid, Fisk U.
5.00

Fredericksburg. First Cong. Ch.
6.00

Greenwich. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., by Anna M. Mead, Sec., for Ponies
1.00

Kellogsville. By Rev. S.R. Dole, for Student Aid, Marion, Ala.
3.25

Madison. "From H.B.F." for Student Aid, Talladega C.
200.00

Madison. W.H.M. Soc. of Central Ch., by Mrs. L.H. Kimball, for Ponies
5.25

Mansfield. F.E. Tracy, for Student Aid, Tillotson C. & N. Inst.
9.00

Medina. W.M.S., by Mrs. O.H. McDowell, Treas., for Ponies
1.55

North Bloomfield. "Earnest Workers," for Student Aid, Storrs Sch., Atlanta
9.00

New London. Mrs. C.E. Healy's S.S. Class, for Ponies
1.00

Oberlin. Rev. C.N. Pond
3.00

Oberlin. J.L. Burrell, for Indian M.
500.00

Painesville. Pupils Lake Erie Sem., for Ponies
15.00

Pierpont, By Rev. S.R. Dole, for Student Aid, Marion, Ala.
4.50

Stuebenville. Ladies' Soc., by Mrs. J. Campbell, for Ponies
.50

Tallmadge. First Cong. Ch.
35.01

Wellington. Edward West
20.00

Woman's Home Missionary Union, by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treas., for Woman's Work:
        Chardon. W.M.S.
6.00       

        Cincinnati. W.M.S., of Walnut Hills
        Cong. Ch.
15.00       

        Cleveland. L.H.M.S. of First Ch.,
        for Ponies
10.00       

        Elyria. L.H.M.S. of First Ch.
5.00       

        Hudson. L.H.M.S.
3.33       

        Oberlin. L.A.S. of First Cong. Ch.
78.20       

        Oberlin. L.S. of Second Cong. Ch.,
        for Ponies
17.30       

        Rootstown. L.H.M.S., for Ponies
5.55       

———       

140.38       

[pg 223]

ILLINOIS. $1,059.28.

Buda. J.B. Stewart
100.00

Chillicothe. R.W. Gilliam
10.00

Chicago. E.W. Blatchford, for Atlanta U.
300.00

Chicago. Mrs. C.E. Stanley, Pkg. Books; A.C. McClurg & Co., Pkg. Books, for Lathrop Library, Sherwood, Tenn.

Earlville. Cong. Ch.
25.15

Evanston. J.M. Williams, for Schp. Fund, Fisk U.
50.00

Griggsville. Cong. Ch.
17.96

La Grange. Cong. Ch.
8.30

Lyndon. Cong. Ch.
10.00

McLean. Cong. Ch.
5.80

Peoria. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., for Sch'p Fund, Fisk U.
25.50

Plymouth. Mrs. R.C. Burton
5.00

Rantoul. W.M.U. of Cong. Ch.
5.00

Ridge Prairie. Rev. Andrew Kern
2.00

Rockford. Second Cong. Ch.
267.95

Shabbona. Cong. Ch.
42.96

Sycamore. Cong. Ch.
82.24

Wheaton. College Cong. Ch.
5.00

Woman's Home Miss'y Union of Ill., by Mrs. B.F. Leavitt, Treas., for Woman's Work:
        Galva. For Student Aid, Talladega C.
29.20       

        Lombard. W.H.M.U.
5.55       

        Rockford. First Ch. W.H.M.U.
11.67       

        Rockford. Second Ch. W.H.M.U.
2.00       

        Stark. W.H.M.U.
6.00       

        Toulon. W.H.M.U.
5.00       

        Mobile. W.H.M.U.
25.00       

        Oak Park. L.B. Circle
12.00       

———       

96.42       

MICHIGAN. $174.32.

Kalamazoo. Ladies' M. Soc., First Cong. Ch., 2 Boxes Bedding, etc., for Talladega C.

Manistee. First Cong. Ch.
21.60

Mattawan. First Cong. Ch.
4.45

Saint Clair. Cong. Ch.
20.00

Vicksburg. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Athens, Ala.
7.00

Webster. Cong. Ch.
11.27

Woman's Home Miss'y Union of Mich., by Mrs. B.F. Grabill, Treas.:
        Bay City. W.H.M.S.
5.00       

        Reed City. W.H.M.S.
5.00       

——       

10.00       

WISCONSIN. $260.95.

Arena. Cong. Ch.
4.21

Baldwin. Cong. Ch.
3.00

Beloit. Second Cong. Ch.
12.75

Black Earth. Cong. Ch.
5.00

Brandon. Cong. Ch.
18.21

Elroy. Cong. Ch.
2.50

Lake Geneva. Y.P.M.S. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.
25.00

Madison. First Cong. Ch.
33.31

Raymond. Cong. Ch.
5.00

Roberts. Cong. Ch.
2.75

Union Grove. Cong. Ch.
17.00

Waukesha. First Cong. Ch.
36.00

Waukesha. Chas. W. Camp, for freight
2.50

Woman's Home Miss'y Union of Wis., for Woman's Work:
        Beloit. W.M.S., bal. to const. SARAH A.
        COFFIN L.M.
19.40       

        Beloit. W.M.S. of Second Cong. Ch.
7.00       

        Arena. W.M.S.
1.19       

        Eau Clair. W.H.M.S.
4.25       

        Green Bay. W.H.M.S.
11.00       

        Madison. W.H.M.S.
4.88       

        Milwaukee. W.H.M.S. of Grand Ave.
        Cong. Ch.
25.00       

        Milwaukee. Plymouth Helping Hands
10.00       

        Whitewater. L.M.S.
5.00       

        Platteville. L.H.M.S.
6.00       

——       

93.72       

IOWA. $381.00.

Afton. H.W. Perrigo
10.00

Chester Center. Cong. Ch.
9.61

Davenport. Mrs. M. Willis, Pkg. Patchwork, for Sherwood, Tenn.

Des Moines. Plymouth Ch., Bedding, etc., for Talladega C.

Farragut. Lucy S. Chapin, Work Bag and 6 Hdkf's, for Savannah, Ga.

Grinnell. Cong. Ch., 7.54; Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 70
77.54

Jefferson. Rev. D.B. Eells
5.00

Mason City. Cong. Ch.
3.18

Marshalltown. Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Straight U.
16.81

Monona. Cong. Ch.
3.04

Muscatine. Cong. Ch.
54.45

Muscatine. Dr. and Mrs. A.B. Robbins, for Talladega C.
7.50

Ottumwa. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., for Sch'p Fund, Fisk U.
15.00

Tabor. "A Friend," for Woman's Work
5.00

-----. "Friends," for Oahe Indian Sch.
14.00

Woman's Home Missionary Union of Iowa, for Woman's Work:
        Alden
1.70       

        Charles City. Y.P.S.C.E.
5.00       

        Chester Center.
10.00       

        Davenport.
25.00       

        Dubuque. Y.P.B. Soc.
10.00       

        Des Moines. W.M.S. Plym. Ch.
14.76       

        Eldora. L.M.S.
12.42       

        Fairfield.
2.95       

        Grinnell
11.30       

        Lansing Ridge.
3.00       

        Le Mars. L.M.S.
3.15       

        McGregor. W.M.S.
6.30       

        Montour.
3.00       

        Magnolia.
2.65       

        Marion. W.M.S.
25.00       

        Mason City. L.M.S.
3.00       

        Osage. W.M.S.
2.81       

        Rockford.
.58       

        Sheldon.
1.00       

        Tabor. W.H.M.S.
15.00       

        Wells.
1.25       

———       

159.87       

MINNESOTA. $92.80.
Appleton. Cong. Ch., 4.12 and Sab. Sch., .50 | 4.62
Austin. "A Friend," for Atlanta U. | 5.00
Freeborn. Cong. Ch. | 3.00
Glyndon. Union Ch., 8.96 and Sab. Sch. 1 | 9.96
Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch., 29.80; Pilgrim Cong. Ch., 15 | 44.80
Minneapolis. W.M. Bristoll, for Student Aid, Atlanta U. | 20.00
Spring Valley, Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. | 3.42
Waseca. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Oahe Indian Sch. | 2.00

MISSOURI. $9.35.
Saint Joseph. James A. Canfield | 1.00
St. Louis. Plymouth Ch. | 8.35

KANSAS. $22.51.
Cora. Cong. Ch. | 8.50
Melrose. Mrs. M.E.H. Keyes | 1.00
Meriden. J. Rutty | 9.00
Neosha Falls. S.B. Dyckman | 1.00
Paola. Y.P.S.C.E. of Cong. Ch. | 3.01

DAKOTA. $136.73.

Huron. First Cong. Ch.
53.08

De Smet. Phebe M. Weeks
14.70

Oahe. Cong. Ch., 8.20; Miss Lindeman, 2.50, for Indian Sch.
10.70

Oahe. Interest on Endowment, for Indian Sch.
20.00

Springfield. Cong. Ch.
1.25

Valley Springs. "Cheerful Workers," by W. Howard Watson
4.00

Yankton. J.R. Sanborn
25.00

Dakota Woman's Home Missionary Union, by Mrs. Sue Fifield, Treas., for Woman's Work:
        Esmond
1.00       

        Iroquois
1.00       

        Oahe. Shiloh Ch.
1.00       

        Sioux Falls. W.M.S.
5.00       

——       

8.00       

[pg 224]

NEBRASKA. $15.81.
Aten. Cong, Ch. | 1.81
Beatrice. Mrs. Delia B. Hotchkiss | 10.00
Bertrand. Cong. Ch. | 3.00
Lincoln. J.M. Denman | 1.00

COLORADO. $5.10.

Denver. Rev. R.T. Croas, 5; Judson Cross, 10c., for Atlanta U.
5.10

UTAH. $6.00.

Salt Lake City. Phillips Cong. Ch.
6.00

ARKANSAS. $5.00.

Little Rock. Ladies M. Soc. of First Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Talladega C.
5.00

CALIFORNIA. $10.35.
Lugonia. Mary G. Hale | 5.00
Riverside. C.W. Herron's Class in Sab. Sch. | 5.35

OREGON. $50.00.
Portland. First Cong. Ch. 30, to const. GEORGE H. HIMES L.M.; E. Charevoy, 5 | 35.00
Salem. Cong. Ch. | 15.00

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. $48.83.
Washington. Howard U., M.C. Coll's, 12.24; Lincoln Memorial Ch., 11.59 | 23.83
Washington. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., for Indian M. | 25.00

VIRGINIA. $5.65.

Herndon. Cong. Ch.
5.65

KENTUCKY. $163.16.

Williamsburg. Tuition
163.15

NORTH CAROLINA. $189.82.
Nalls. Rev. M.L. Baldwin | .50
Oaks. Cong. Ch. | 1.12
Pekin. Cong. Ch. | 1.00
Troy. Tuition, 13.25; By S.D. Leak, 1 | 14.25
Wilmington. Tuition | 157.70
Wilmington. Miss H.L. Fitts, 10.76; Miss A.E. Farrington, 4.50, for Student Aid | 15.25

SOUTH CAROLINA. $210.50.

Charleston. Tuition
210.50

TENNESSEE. $1,307.89.
Chattanooga. Loomis Hart & Co., for Pleasant Hill, Tenn. | 29.00
Glen Mary. "Friends," by Rev. G.S. Pope | 2.60
Grand View. Tuition | 33.70
Jellico. Tuition | 35.00
Jonesboro. Tuition, 3; Rent, 1 | 4.00
Memphis. Tuition | 381.00
Nashville. Tuition, 529.60; Rent, 6.50 | 536.10
Nashville. Cong. Ch. Fisk U, for Pleasant Hill, Tenn. | 8.64
Pleasant Sill. By Rev. B. Dodge. Mrs. Rev. Houston, 10; "A Friend," 2, for Pleasant Hill | 12.00
Sherwood. Tuition, 239.75; "Friends," for Student Aid, 26.10 | 265.85

GEORGIA. $800.46.
Atlanta. Storrs Sch., Tuition, 299.25; Rent, 2; First Cong. Ch., 10 Birthday Offerings, 2.71 | 303.96
Atlanta. Wm. A. Haygood, for Atlanta U. | 15.00
Macon. Tuition | 191.05
McIntosh. Tuition | 24.70
Marietta. Cong. Ch. 50c. and S.S. 50c. | 1.00
Savannah. Tuition | 191.50
Thomasville. Tuition | 73.25

ALABAMA. $619.22.
Athens. Tuition | 62.50
Kymulga. Cong. Ch., for Talladega C. | 1.25
Marion. Tuition | 167.75
Marion. "Southern Friends," 7; "C.W.L.," 1.85; for Sch. at Marion | 8.85
Montgomery. Cong. Ch. | 40.00
Talladega. Tuition | 119.07

FLORIDA. $387.13.
Saint Augustine. Pub. Sch. Fund, 287.75; Rent, 82; Tuition, 17.75 | 369.75
Winter Park. W.H.M. Soc. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Talladega C. | 17.38

LOUISIANA. $321.62.
Hammond. Cong. Ch. | 2.62
New Orleans. Tuition | 319.00

MISSISSIPPI. $178.00.
Tougaloo. Tuition, 114; Rent, 54 | 168.00
Tougaloo. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 5, for Chinese M. and 5 for Indian M. | 10.00

TEXAS. $137.75.
Austin. Tuition, 131.25; Tillotson Ch., 2.60 | 133.85
Dodd City. Pilgrim Ch. | .90
Petty. Bethel Cong. Ch. | 3.00

INCOMES. $1,603.55.
Avery Fund, for Mendi M. | 91.35
DeForest Fund, for President's Chair, Talladega C. | 353.85
Gen'l Endowment Fund | 30.00
Hammond Fund, for Straight U. | 54.52
Hastings Sch'p Fund, for Atlanta U. | 12.50
Howard Theo. Fund, for Howard U. | 517.02
H.W. Lincoln Sch'p Fund, for Talladega C. | 30.00
Luke Mem. Fund, for Talladega C. | 10.00
LeMoyne Fund, for Memphis, Tenn. | 171.81
Rice Mem. Sch'p Fund, for Talladega C. | 9.00
Stone Fund, for Talladega C. | 25.00
Straight U. Sch'p Fund | 72.50
Talladega Theo. Fund | 21.00
Tuthill King Fund, for Berea C. | 75.00
"       "      ", for Atlanta U. | 125.00
Yale Library Fund, for Talladega C. | 5.00

CANADA. $5.00.

Montreal. Chas. Alexander
5.00

FRANCE. $10.00.

Paris. Warren K. Southwick, for Talladega C.
10.00

AFRICA. $5.09.
Bihe. Wm. H. Sanders | 5.00
| ==========
Donations | $17,455.23
Legacies | 8,003.67
Incomes | 1,603.55
Tuitions | 3,968.12
Rents | 146.50
| —————
Total for May | $31,176.07
Total from Oct. 1 to May 31 | 190,097.27
| ==========

FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY
Subscriptions for May | $ 38.02
Previously acknowledged | 713.18
| ———
Total | $751.20
| =======

H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,
56 Reade St., N.Y.

[Transcriber's Notes:
Contents: Wilmington, D.C. corrected to Wilmington, N.C.
pg 219: Andover. Free Christain Ch. corrected to Christian Ch.]

End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The American Missionary, Volume XLII.
No. 7. July 1888, by Various

*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***

***** This file should be named 13907-h.htm or 13907-h.zip *****
This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
http://www.gutenberg.net/1/3/9/0/13907/

Produced by Cornell University, Joshua Hutchinson, Andrea Ball and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.

Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
will be renamed.

Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules,
set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project
Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you
do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is
subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
redistribution.

*** START: FULL LICENSE ***

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
http://gutenberg.net/license).

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the
collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an
individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in
a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check
the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning
the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
copied or distributed:

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked
to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg-tm License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or
distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.net),
you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
that

- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is
owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments
must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."

- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License. You must require such a user to return or
destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
Project Gutenberg-tm works.

- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
of receipt of the work.

- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the
Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with
the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy
is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm

Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists
because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at
809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact
information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
page at http://pglaf.org

For additional contact information:
Dr. Gregory B. Newby
Chief Executive and Director
gbnewby@pglaf.org

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To
SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
particular state visit http://pglaf.org

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works.

Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily
keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.

Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:

http://www.gutenberg.net

This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.

*** END: FULL LICENSE ***